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Latest Case Studies
Case Study
CO-RO (B): Weathering the storm

Case B describes the unprecedented challenges faced by CO-RO in 2020. The implementation of the sugar tax in its largest Middle Eastern market led to a near 50% volume drop in CO-RO’s sales, and Covid-19 lockdowns impacted the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region in particular. These events led to a dramatic drop in net sales and gross profit, forcing CO-…

Strategy
By Omar Toulan and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-7-2640, © 2025
CO-RO (B): Weathering the storm
By Omar Toulan and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-7-2640 ©2025
Summary
Case B describes the unprecedented challenges faced by CO-RO in 2020. The implementation of the sugar tax in its largest Middle Eastern market led to a near 50% volume drop in CO-RO’s sales, and Covid-19 lockdowns impacted the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region in particular. These events led to a dramatic drop in net sales and gross profit, forcing CO-RO to re-evaluate its growth strategy and implement cost-saving measures. By 2022, CO-RO faced further challenges with global supply chain disruptions and inflation due to the war in Ukraine. This required strategic decisions to stabilize and ensure future growth amid ongoing external pressures.
Reference IMD-7-2640
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization CO-RO Group
Industry Consumer Goods, Food and Beverage
Available Languages English
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Case Study
CO-RO (A): Storm clouds forming

The CO-RO Group is a manufacturer of fruit-based still drinks, concentrates and ambient ice (home-freeze popsicles) headquartered in Denmark. Although production takes place in Denmark, most of its products are sold internationally, with the company relying on long-term local partners to convert and market the finished products. Historically, th…

Strategy
By Omar Toulan and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-7-2590, © 2025
CO-RO (A): Storm clouds forming
By Omar Toulan and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-7-2590 ©2025
Summary
The CO-RO Group is a manufacturer of fruit-based still drinks, concentrates and ambient ice (home-freeze popsicles) headquartered in Denmark. Although production takes place in Denmark, most of its products are sold internationally, with the company relying on long-term local partners to convert and market the finished products. Historically, the company focused on markets in which fruit-based drinks were rare, which led to steady growth in line with GDP and population increases; 70% of sales and 80% of profits came from the Middle East. Set between 2015 and 2019, Case A describes the company’s “Shape for Growth” strategy, which aimed to reduce over-reliance on key markets and resulted in new market entries and over 150 new products. This strategy also mitigated the effects of the 2014-2016 oil price crisis. However, in 2019, Saudi Arabia’s announcement of a 50% sugar tax on sweetened beverages threatened to significantly reduce market volumes.
Reference IMD-7-2590
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization CO-RO Group
Industry Consumer Goods, Food and Beverage
Available Languages English
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Case Study
TBC Group: Future proofing a history of success

The case explores TBC Bank Group’s remarkable journey from a small Georgian bank to a regional leader in digital financial services across Central Asia. Founded in 1992 with just US$500 in initial capital, TBC evolved into Georgia’s largest financial institution and pioneered into digital banking. The case highlights TBC’s strategic expansion in…

Strategy Digital Growth
By Goutam Challagalla, Francis D. Kim and Philip Charles Zerrillo
Case reference: IMD-2651, © 2025
TBC Group: Future proofing a history of success
By Goutam Challagalla Francis D. Kim and Philip Charles Zerrillo
Case reference: IMD-2651 ©2025
Summary
The case explores TBC Bank Group’s remarkable journey from a small Georgian bank to a regional leader in digital financial services across Central Asia. Founded in 1992 with just US$500 in initial capital, TBC evolved into Georgia’s largest financial institution and pioneered into digital banking. The case highlights TBC’s strategic expansion into Uzbekistan, where it rapidly built a leading digital banking ecosystem. Students will analyze TBC’s international growth approach as it transformed customer experience, leveraged technology and built a sustainable competitive advantage through product diversification, strong organizational culture and operational agility. The case explores international market entry, digital transformation and aligning strategies with local market needs, highlighting how TBC’s focus on innovation drives its regional expansion.
Reference IMD-2651
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization TBC Bank Group
Industry Finance and Insurance, Banking
Available Languages English
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Case Study
DSS+: Carving out a sustainability consulting leader

The case examines the entrepreneur-led carve out and buyout of dss+, DuPont’s safety and sustainability consulting division, by Gyrus Capital and dss+ management team. dss+ (formerly “DuPont Sustainable Solutions”) played a pivotal role in high-risk industries such as oil, gas, and chemicals, providing critical consulting services at a time when…

Finance Entrepreneurship Sustainability
By Benoit F. Leleux, Giorgio Pignalosa, Larissa Margot Bieler, Mojisola Onabanjo Akinkunmi and Nicolas Campodonico
Case reference: IMD-7-2639, © 2025
DSS+: Carving out a sustainability consulting leader
By Benoit F. Leleux Giorgio Pignalosa Larissa Margot Bieler Mojisola Onabanjo Akinkunmi and Nicolas Campodonico
Case reference: IMD-7-2639 ©2025
Summary
The case examines the entrepreneur-led carve out and buyout of dss+, DuPont’s safety and sustainability consulting division, by Gyrus Capital and dss+ management team. dss+ (formerly “DuPont Sustainable Solutions”) played a pivotal role in high-risk industries such as oil, gas, and chemicals, providing critical consulting services at a time when global regulatory pressure on operational safety and sustainability was intensifying. Gyrus Capital, a mid-market private equity specialist, came together with the management team to engineer the buyout, based on the firm’s strong and predictable revenue streams, long-term client relationships and specialized expertise in safety and sustainability consulting. What emerged out of the 2019 transaction was an independent sustainability consulting powerhouse with over 1,500 consultants around the world. By 2024, dss+ was still expanding rapidly in terms of staff and domains of expertise, not to mention geography, and had to respond to quickly evolving external and internal demands, with clients increasingly expected to be served globally on a full range of sustainability-related services. With a strong sense of purpose (saving lives and creating a sustainable future), a potent pitch line (Protect. Transform. Sustain), over 750 clients on 1,800 projects across 41 countries, a global team of 1,500 people and plenty of organic growth across 7 core industries, the company was clearly heading for the stars. Yet, new questions loomed: Was it time to start managing that wild growth, deepening competitive advantages and building functional moats? How would dss+ remain competitive? Was it time to put a few new initiatives on high octane fuel: Leadership? Digital transformation? Global growth? Some totally new ideas?
Reference IMD-7-2639
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization dss+, Gyrus Capital, Inflexion
Industry Services, Environmental Services;Healthcare, Health and Medical Services;Services, Public Safety;Business Management Services, Consultancy
Available Languages English
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Case Study
ABN AMRO (A): When culture drives transformation

The case describes two transformation journeys for ABN AMRO bank. The first transformation is cultural and the second is digital. It explores the interplay between these two journeys from the perspective of the head of the Personal Banking. The case goes into detail regarding how the bank rebuilt its internal operating model. The hierarchy was d…

Digital
By Michael R. Wade and Lisa Simone Duke
Case reference: IMD-7-2192, © 2025
ABN AMRO (A): When culture drives transformation
By Michael R. Wade and Lisa Simone Duke
Case reference: IMD-7-2192 ©2025
Summary
The case describes two transformation journeys for ABN AMRO bank. The first transformation is cultural and the second is digital. It explores the interplay between these two journeys from the perspective of the head of the Personal Banking. The case goes into detail regarding how the bank rebuilt its internal operating model. The hierarchy was de-layered and replaced with agile ways of working, employee empowerment and a new performance management approach. At first, there was a lot of chaos, but, after some time for adjustment, benefits started to appear, such as higher NPS scores and improved financial results. The new approach also helped the bank cope with the Covid-19 pandemic as many of the changes were linked to remote working for employees and technology-mediated service provision for customers. The case also explores new challenges that appeared. While some teams embraced the new ways of working, others had trouble letting go of legacy approaches. There were inconsistencies and confusion around performance measurement. Despite improving performance in some areas, multifunctional teams were not necessarily delivering the best customer experiences. Sick leave was increasing, and there were signs that employee engagement was falling. The reader is placed in the shoes of the head of Personal Banking who must come up with solutions to these challenges.
Reference IMD-7-2192
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization ABN AMRO
Industry Finance and Insurance, Banking
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Brookfield Asset Management Catalytic Transition Fund

Brookfield’s Catalytic Transition Fund is a case study in how the financial industry can spearhead sustainable development. Brookfield Asset Management announced an initial closing of $2.4 billion for the Catalytic Transition Fund, marking a significant milestone toward the target of raising up to $5 billion for deployment to clean energy and tr…

Finance Economics Sustainability
By Arturo Bris and Raphaël Jean Luigi Grieco
Case reference: IMD-2652, © 2024
Brookfield Asset Management Catalytic Transition Fund
By Arturo Bris and Raphaël Jean Luigi Grieco
Case reference: IMD-2652 ©2024
Summary
Brookfield’s Catalytic Transition Fund is a case study in how the financial industry can spearhead sustainable development. Brookfield Asset Management announced an initial closing of $2.4 billion for the Catalytic Transition Fund, marking a significant milestone toward the target of raising up to $5 billion for deployment to clean energy and transition assets in emerging markets. $1 billion of capital was provided by ALTÉRRA, the world’s largest private investment vehicle for climate finance based in the United Arab Emirates, with the purpose of mobilizing investment at scale to finance a new climate economy. The fund is focused on deploying capital into clean energy and transition assets in emerging markets in South and Central America, South and Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe. This strategic partnership will help drive clean energy investment into emerging markets, where investment needs to increase sixfold over current levels to reach the $1.6 trillion required annually by the early 2030s in line with global net zero targets.
Reference IMD-2652
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Brookfield Asset Management
Industry Finance and Insurance, Private Equity
Available Languages English
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Case Study
China Resources Beer: Becoming future ready

The China Resources Beer (CR Beer) case study is a compelling narrative of the world’s largest beer producer by volume under the leadership of CEO Hou Xiaohai. In 2016 CR Beer embarked on a pivotal transformation journey. This case study offers critical insights that particularly resonate with Chinese corporations navigating similar challenges i…

China Digital Human Resources Strategy Diversity and Equity and Inclusion
By Mark J. Greeven and Wei Wei
Case reference: IMD-7-2538, © 2024
China Resources Beer: Becoming future ready
By Mark J. Greeven and Wei Wei
Case reference: IMD-7-2538 ©2024
Summary
The China Resources Beer (CR Beer) case study is a compelling narrative of the world’s largest beer producer by volume under the leadership of CEO Hou Xiaohai. In 2016 CR Beer embarked on a pivotal transformation journey. This case study offers critical insights that particularly resonate with Chinese corporations navigating similar challenges in an era marking the end of China’s rapid economic growth. Faced with industry saturation, changing consumer behaviors, the rise of digital technology and the imperative shift from expansive to high-quality growth, CR Beer’s story mirrors the predicament in which many Chinese companies find themselves today. The case delves into CR Beer’s strategic overhaul, how it optimized its vast 60,000-employee structure, streamlined operations and embraced digital transformation to remain competitive. CR Beer’s transformation was characterized by tackling “three mountains” – operational inefficiency due to numerous small factories with high costs and low-capacity utilization, weak brand presence in the high-end beer market and an underutilized and mismatched workforce. The study also highlights the company’s innovative approach to rebranding for younger consumers, integrating consumer insights into product development and exploring new business models. It underscores the importance of internal cultural shifts to support these external changes and the role of leadership in guiding transformation. CR Beer’s journey from traditional efficiency to future-readiness offers valuable lessons in managing large-scale organizational change, strategic management and business innovation. It provides essential insights for understanding the complexities of transformation in a rapidly evolving industry, making it a crucial read for those interested in organizational change, particularly in the context of the Chinese market and its unique challenges and opportunities.
Reference IMD-7-2538
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization China Resources Beer
Industry Consumer Goods, Food and Beverage
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Sea2see: Seastainable vision

BARCELONA, JANUARY 2023. What started in 2016 as a humble entrepreneurial attempt to contribute to a more sustainable future had turned into a solid eyewear brand present in major Western markets. François van den Abeele was even more excited by the rapid development of the Sea2see Foundation, which he set up in Ghana. But success brought its ow…

Entrepreneurship Family Business General Management Global Business Marketing Sustainability
By Benoit F. Leleux and Thomas Brochier
Case reference: IMD-7-2564, © 2024
Sea2see: Seastainable vision
By Benoit F. Leleux and Thomas Brochier
Case reference: IMD-7-2564 ©2024
Summary
BARCELONA, JANUARY 2023. What started in 2016 as a humble entrepreneurial attempt to contribute to a more sustainable future had turned into a solid eyewear brand present in major Western markets. François van den Abeele was even more excited by the rapid development of the Sea2see Foundation, which he set up in Ghana. But success brought its own new questions and issues. From the start, he had relied on the superb craftmanship and dedication of an Italian frame manufacturer. Over time that relationship had turned into a mutual dependency: He was now one of its major clients but, reciprocally, had developed a key supplier risk. What if something happened to that relationship? Should he develop a broader set of suppliers and, if so, how could that be done without antagonizing a great working relationship? Recycling very much set the stage for the brand’s sustainability claims, but it also took massive amounts of time to manage. As other companies started to develop their own fishing net recycling supply chains, did it still make sense to invest so much time in the upstream phase or should he pour his energy into his beloved brand? Finally, maybe it was also time to revisit the growth/profitability dilemma and open up the capital to increase the speed of growth, all for the benefit of the environment as impact fed on scale.
Reference IMD-7-2564
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Sea2see
Industry Consumer Goods, Optical Products
Available Languages English
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Case Study
DIDA: Becoming a world leader in IT infrastructure

Five friends created DIDA in 1983 and turned it into a global provider of IT infrastructure and services. Riding the wave of rapid growth of communication networks and increasingly global business relationships of corporations, DIDA established its brand through its strong alignment with dominant infrastructure companies such as Cisco and Micros…

Strategy General Management Digital Disruption
By Patrick Reinmoeller
Case reference: IMD-7-2547, © 2024
DIDA: Becoming a world leader in IT infrastructure
By Patrick Reinmoeller
Case reference: IMD-7-2547 ©2024
Summary
Five friends created DIDA in 1983 and turned it into a global provider of IT infrastructure and services. Riding the wave of rapid growth of communication networks and increasingly global business relationships of corporations, DIDA established its brand through its strong alignment with dominant infrastructure companies such as Cisco and Microsoft. Navigating the end of the internet bubble, DIDA served as a major reseller of these companies’ products, adding value with its integration services by increasing its clients’ efficiency and enabling collaboration within corporate networks. By 2005 DIDA had resumed rapid growth through partnerships, equity-based alliances and, most prominently, acquisitions, which led to a network of subsidiaries in more than 50 countries and six continents. By the end of 2009, DIDA had shown its critics that it could grow and integrate. However, its revenue was growing faster than its profits and it was not poised to help corporations move to the next generation of internet technology which would require new capabilities for installing and managing large data centers for computing as a service (CaaS) and cloud computing. The case ends with DIDA’s CEO reviewing the prospects of shrinking core markets and displacement by technological disruption. He acknowledges the need to make choices and get ahead of technological trends again in a changing IT infrastructure landscape. DIDA could seek to further grow its core business or internalize new capabilities to get ready for a CaaS future. Should DIDA seek more profitable growth organically or through acquisitions?
Reference IMD-7-2547
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization DIDA (Disguised)
Industry Services, Telecommunications
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Down under the data: LPX explores listed private equity

LPX AG, founded in 2004 by Michel Degosciu and Robin Jakob, is a leader in listed alternatives, focusing on listed private equity (LPE) and listed infrastructure. With its pioneering LPX Listed Private Equity Index series and NMX Infrastructure Index series, LPX provides essential benchmarks and innovative index-linked products used globally by …

Finance Data Analytics
By Arthur Enders, Karl Schmedders and Maximilian Ulrich Werner
Case reference: IMD-7-2583, © 2024
Down under the data: LPX explores listed private equity
By Arthur Enders Karl Schmedders and Maximilian Ulrich Werner
Case reference: IMD-7-2583 ©2024
Summary
LPX AG, founded in 2004 by Michel Degosciu and Robin Jakob, is a leader in listed alternatives, focusing on listed private equity (LPE) and listed infrastructure. With its pioneering LPX Listed Private Equity Index series and NMX Infrastructure Index series, LPX provides essential benchmarks and innovative index-linked products used globally by asset managers. In February 2024, Michel returns from a skiing holiday, ready for a pivotal business trip to Sydney. He will meet with an investment advisory firm interested in developing new financial products based on LPX’s flagship indices, LPX50 and LPXBO. This meeting is crucial for enhancing LPX’s global market presence. Michel anticipates rigorous scrutiny from the Sydney analysts on the risk metrics and performance of LPE stocks. He plans to present a detailed analysis, showing when LPE stocks excel and underperform, integrating comprehensive risk factors for a nuanced understanding. The LPX50 Index captures the performance of the 50 largest LPE companies worldwide, while the LPXBO Index focuses on buyout strategies. Both indices have demonstrated superior long-term performance compared to the MSCI World Index, though with higher volatility. Michel’s analysis reveals that LPX indices offer risk-adjusted returns comparable to the MSCI World Index. Employing the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and a six-factor model, Michel quantifies the indices’ market risks and performance drivers, showcasing LPX’s sophisticated analytical capabilities. His goal is to demonstrate LPX’s expertise and the compelling investment potential of LPE, aiming to attract global investors and solidify LPX’s reputation for future growth.
Reference IMD-7-2583
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization LPX Group
Industry Finance and Insurance, Financial Services
Available Languages English
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Case Study
AllSaints: Balancing the heart and head for sustainable results

While retail company AllSaints had delivered a great performance in 2022 – with revenues of £470 million – it faced multiple challenges. First, keeping stores open was a fundamental strategy for the company to connect to customers and deliver a better employer proposition, but foot traffic had not returned to pre-pandemic levels and stores were …

Leadership
By Susan Goldsworthy and Nancy Lane
Case reference: IMD-7-2463, © 2024
AllSaints: Balancing the heart and head for sustainable results
By Susan Goldsworthy and Nancy Lane
Case reference: IMD-7-2463 ©2024
Summary
While retail company AllSaints had delivered a great performance in 2022 – with revenues of £470 million – it faced multiple challenges. First, keeping stores open was a fundamental strategy for the company to connect to customers and deliver a better employer proposition, but foot traffic had not returned to pre-pandemic levels and stores were not profitable. Second, the customer service department had experienced increased calls due to the digital channel and had requested more staff. However, it experienced a high turnover. Finally, the management team had agreed in mid-2021 to transition the customer service role away from the central team and toward stores but nothing had happened yet, resulting in a heavy customer workload on Black Friday. The case explores how AllSaints CEO Pete Wood examined and worked to resolve these issues.
Reference IMD-7-2463
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization AllSaints
Industry Consumer Services, Retail
Available Languages English
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