IMD business school for management and leadership courses

Latest Case Studies
Case Study
From complexity to clarity: How ABB transformed its operating model (B)

The case study explores the second phase of ABB’s 2018 to 2024 transformation journey to restore confidence in the underperforming conglomerate through a simplification of its structure and a focus on accelerating decision making. Under interim CEO Peter Voser and later Björn Rosengren (2020–2024), ABB decentralized operations, optimized headcou…

Business Transformation Organizational Change
By Heather Cairns-Lee, Anand Narasimhan and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-2683, © 2025
From complexity to clarity: How ABB transformed its operating model (B)
By Heather Cairns-Lee Anand Narasimhan and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-2683 ©2025
Summary
The case study explores the second phase of ABB’s 2018 to 2024 transformation journey to restore confidence in the underperforming conglomerate through a simplification of its structure and a focus on accelerating decision making. Under interim CEO Peter Voser and later Björn Rosengren (2020–2024), ABB decentralized operations, optimized headcount, enhanced accountability and empowered divisions to operate as independent businesses. Rosengren formalized the transformation as The ABB Way. On 1 August 2024, Morten Wierod assumed the role of CEO, inheriting a stronger, more agile ABB. To maintain momentum, the company needs to remain committed to operational excellence, relentless innovation and a strong customer focus. Moving forward, Wierod’s key challenges include identifying strategies to build on the transformation’s success.
Reference IMD-2683
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Asea Brown Boveri
Industry Manufacturing, Electric and Electronic Equipment
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
Sandoz (B): The art of staying true to your mission

This case series explores Sandoz’s spin off from Novartis, which was finalized on 4 October 2023. Case B looks at Sandoz once it has become independent. The hard work of figuring out the best way to spin off is done, a new strategy created, and some difficult choices made. But now how will CEO Richard Saynor and his leadership team ensure that S…

Strategy Leadership Global Business
By Jim Pulcrano, Charan Singh, Zita Falk, Franciska Darmer and Barbara Schmidt-Ley
Case reference: IMD-2670, © 2025
Sandoz (B): The art of staying true to your mission
By Jim Pulcrano Charan Singh Zita Falk Franciska Darmer and Barbara Schmidt-Ley
Case reference: IMD-2670 ©2025
Summary
This case series explores Sandoz’s spin off from Novartis, which was finalized on 4 October 2023. Case B looks at Sandoz once it has become independent. The hard work of figuring out the best way to spin off is done, a new strategy created, and some difficult choices made. But now how will CEO Richard Saynor and his leadership team ensure that Sandoz is fit for purpose?
Reference IMD-2670
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Sandoz
Industry Healthcare, Pharmaceuticals
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
Green or greenwashing? A 95 million dollar sustainability paradox for Michelin and BNP Paribas

The Tropical Landscapes Finance Facility Sustainability Bond (TLFF I) was initially celebrated as a best-in-class example of sustainable finance. Issued in 2018, this $95 million financial instrument aimed to create a promising future: sustainable natural rubber plantations in Indonesia that balanced ecological preservation, local livelihoods an…

Sustainability Stakeholder Management Crisis Management Social Innovation
By Vanina Farber and Shih-Han Huang
Case reference: IMD-7-2646, © 2025
Green or greenwashing? A 95 million dollar sustainability paradox for Michelin and BNP Paribas
By Vanina Farber and Shih-Han Huang
Case reference: IMD-7-2646 ©2025
Summary
The Tropical Landscapes Finance Facility Sustainability Bond (TLFF I) was initially celebrated as a best-in-class example of sustainable finance. Issued in 2018, this $95 million financial instrument aimed to create a promising future: sustainable natural rubber plantations in Indonesia that balanced ecological preservation, local livelihoods and corporate profits. The ambitious venture sought to redefine the possibilities of transition finance and brought together several organizations: Michelin, ADM Capital and BNP Paribas, USAID, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). However, the promise of progress soon collided with the complexities of reality. The initiative faced mounting challenges, including allegations of greenwashing, community grievances and questions about compliance with emerging sustainability regulatory standards. In the end, TLFF I – the “climate-smart, wildlife-friendly, socially inclusive” sustainable finance facility used to finance Michelin’s Indonesian natural rubber plantation joint venture – found itself at the center of a growing controversy that threatened to unravel years of work in corporate sustainability efforts. The case examines the paradoxes in the TLFF I and challenges students to grapple with the complexities of legitimacy, innovation, accountability, sustainability transition and regulation-timing in blended finance mechanisms. While the TLFF I case focuses on natural rubber, the challenges encountered by the different players and the lessons learned are applicable to other industries undergoing brown-to-green transitions and implementing multistakeholder solutions. The case reflects the reality that many business challenges are not dilemmas to resolve but instead involve persistent tensions that demand integrative thinking. For students, engaging with paradoxes sharpens critical thinking, fosters metacognitive awareness and builds the capacity to lead amid contradiction.
Reference IMD-7-2646
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Michelin, BNP Paribas, ADM Capital, Barito Pacific
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
Sandoz China: Do we stay or do we go?

The Sandoz leadership team faced an important decision as it broke away from Novartis and became a public company. Should Sandoz retain the global geographical coverage it had had in its many years as part of Novartis? Or should it focus on fewer geographies and a simplification of the business models it was using? Since Sandoz was in a lower ma…

Strategy China Leadership
By Mark J. Greeven and Jim Pulcrano
Case reference: IMD-2680, © 2025
Sandoz China: Do we stay or do we go?
By Mark J. Greeven and Jim Pulcrano
Case reference: IMD-2680 ©2025
Summary
The Sandoz leadership team faced an important decision as it broke away from Novartis and became a public company. Should Sandoz retain the global geographical coverage it had had in its many years as part of Novartis? Or should it focus on fewer geographies and a simplification of the business models it was using? Since Sandoz was in a lower margin business than an innovator pharma company like Novartis, eventually, the senior leadership team decided to exit China. There was a belief that it was going to be difficult to compete on price with local Chinese companies, and the investment required to invest in more complex generics, as well as high-margin biosimilars, was beyond the means of Sandoz as it became a publicly listed company. The case also touches on the differences of opinion in a very strong leadership team and the options that were explored, or not, as the sale of Sandoz China to Aspen Pharmacare was concluded.
Reference IMD-2680
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Sandoz
Industry Healthcare, Pharmaceuticals
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
Sandoz (A): Breaking free to stand alone

This case series explores Sandoz’s spin off from Novartis, which was finalized on 4 October 2023. Case A follows Richard Saynor’s (CEO, Sandoz) ruminations as he builds the company strategy in preparation for the board’s approval of Sandoz as a standalone company. The narrative outlines the key strategic areas that Richard, along with his senior…

Strategy Leadership Global Business
By Jim Pulcrano, Charan Singh, Zita Falk, Franciska Darmer and Barbara Schmidt-Ley
Case reference: IMD-2669, © 2025
Sandoz (A): Breaking free to stand alone
By Jim Pulcrano Charan Singh Zita Falk Franciska Darmer and Barbara Schmidt-Ley
Case reference: IMD-2669 ©2025
Summary
This case series explores Sandoz’s spin off from Novartis, which was finalized on 4 October 2023. Case A follows Richard Saynor’s (CEO, Sandoz) ruminations as he builds the company strategy in preparation for the board’s approval of Sandoz as a standalone company. The narrative outlines the key strategic areas that Richard, along with his senior leadership team, considered and which strategy was eventually approved by the board of directors (i.e. product portfolio mix), the direction of the growth strategy (i.e. top vs. bottom line approach), target geography regions and ownership model. Case A focuses on the dilemmas and considerations of each strategic area.
Reference IMD-2669
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Sandoz
Industry Healthcare, Pharmaceuticals
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
From complexity to clarity: How ABB transformed its operating model (A)

The case study explores the first phase of ABB’s 2018 to 2024 transformation journey as it tackled longstanding challenges: financial underperformance, declining market confidence and inefficiencies in its complex matrix structure. To streamline operations, CEO Ulrich Spiesshofer initiated a restructuring of its main business areas in 2018, incl…

Business Transformation Organizational Change
By Heather Cairns-Lee, Anand Narasimhan and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-2682, © 2025
From complexity to clarity: How ABB transformed its operating model (A)
By Heather Cairns-Lee Anand Narasimhan and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-2682 ©2025
Summary
The case study explores the first phase of ABB’s 2018 to 2024 transformation journey as it tackled longstanding challenges: financial underperformance, declining market confidence and inefficiencies in its complex matrix structure. To streamline operations, CEO Ulrich Spiesshofer initiated a restructuring of its main business areas in 2018, including the sale of the Power Grids business to Hitachi. However, the following April, Spiesshofer stepped down unexpectedly. Would the transition in leadership signal a continuation of the existing strategy, or did it indicate a complete shift in direction? How should the new leadership transform ABB?
Reference IMD-2682
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Asea Brown Boveri
Industry Manufacturing, Electric and Electronic Equipment
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
Indian Hotels Company Limited: Fast track to structured sustainability via Paathya

In late 2021, Puneet Chhatwal, CEO of Indian Hotels Company Limited IHCL, found himself grappling with a new challenge beyond the impressive growth numbers the company had achieved since his tenure began in 2017 sustainability. Having led IHCL, the hospitality arm of the Tata Group, through one of its most transformative periods, including a tu…

Leadership Sustainability Strategy
By Florian Hoos, Manojkumar Selvaraj, Harsha Doddihal and Peter Damyanov
Case reference: IMD-7-2648, © 2025
Indian Hotels Company Limited: Fast track to structured sustainability via Paathya
By Florian Hoos Manojkumar Selvaraj Harsha Doddihal and Peter Damyanov
Case reference: IMD-7-2648 ©2025
Summary
In late 2021, Puneet Chhatwal, CEO of Indian Hotels Company Limited IHCL, found himself grappling with a new challenge beyond the impressive growth numbers the company had achieved since his tenure began in 2017 sustainability. Having led IHCL, the hospitality arm of the Tata Group, through one of its most transformative periods, including a turnaround from losses to profitability and the addition of over 100 hotels, Puneet now faced rising stakeholder and regulatory demand for measurable ESG impacts. The case explores IHCL’s journey to embed sustainability in all its hotels including those under development through Paathya, its comprehensive ESG framework. Paathya, derived from Sanskrit meaning ‘path,’ symbolizes IHCL’s commitment to structured sustainability by setting ambitious goals, including eliminating single-use plastics, adopting renewable energy and certifying all hotels under global sustainability standards by 2030. The case explores the organizational challenges IHCL faced and examines how the company formalized sustainability in every aspect of its business from financial decisions and design to engineering and daily operations. A key focus is placed on the cultural shift that Paathya required, ensuring buy-in from employees at all levels, including general managers of individual hotels, who were pivotal in driving green initiatives. IHCL’s rapid growth and vision of expanding to 300 hotels under an asset-light model, raises crucial questions: Can the company balance its aggressive expansion with its sustainability commitments? Will Paathya continue to resonate with the core of the company’s operations amid changing global standards and leadership? The case concludes by examining Paathya’s early successes and the challenges ahead. How can IHCL sustain its hospitality leadership while leading the charge on sustainability?
Reference IMD-7-2648
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Indian Hotels Company Limited
Industry Travel and Leisure, Hospitality
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
HP Amplify Impact A: Channeling partners for change

The A case in this two-part series outlines the challenges Isabella Phoenix faced in designing a global sustainability program for HP’s vast network of channel partners in just 12 weeks with only one team member and limited resources. The initiative aimed to help embed sustainability in HP global partners’ strategies, many of whom lacked the res…

Sustainability Leadership
By Heather Cairns-Lee, Julia Katharina Binder and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-2681, © 2025
HP Amplify Impact A: Channeling partners for change
By Heather Cairns-Lee Julia Katharina Binder and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-2681 ©2025
Summary
The A case in this two-part series outlines the challenges Isabella Phoenix faced in designing a global sustainability program for HP’s vast network of channel partners in just 12 weeks with only one team member and limited resources. The initiative aimed to help embed sustainability in HP global partners’ strategies, many of whom lacked the resources or expertise to tackle sustainability alone. Phoenix faced the dual challenge of inspiring internal buy-in and engaging thousands of independent partners many of them small or midsize businesses with limited capacity. The voluntary program, built around HP’s Sustainable Impact priorities of climate action, human rights, and digital equity and community, aimed to educate and empower partners without relying on traditional financial incentives. Instead, it encouraged commitment through practical tools and self-assessments and integrating sustainability into commercial deals. Despite the absence of rebates or rewards, the program sought to transform HP’s ecosystem into a purpose-driven movement, proving that shared values and long-term impact could unite a diverse, global network.
Reference IMD-2681
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Hewlett-Packard
Industry Information Technology
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
HP Amplify Impact B: From launch to legacy

The B case outlines how, by early 2025, Isabella Phoenix’s initial vision for HP’s Amplify Impact sustainability program had grown into a global initiative involving 4,800 partners in 48 countries. The program surpassed its goals, enrolling 59 of HP partners vs. a 50 target and contributing to billions of dollars in sustainability-influenced sal…

Sustainability Leadership
By Heather Cairns-Lee, Julia Katharina Binder and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-2695, © 2025
HP Amplify Impact B: From launch to legacy
By Heather Cairns-Lee Julia Katharina Binder and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-2695 ©2025
Summary
The B case outlines how, by early 2025, Isabella Phoenix’s initial vision for HP’s Amplify Impact sustainability program had grown into a global initiative involving 4,800 partners in 48 countries. The program surpassed its goals, enrolling 59 of HP partners vs. a 50 target and contributing to billions of dollars in sustainability-influenced sales. Key to its success were tools like a clear self-assessment, a rich resource hub and a focus on voluntary engagement rather than financial incentives building true partnerships instead of transactional relationships. Partners gained credibility and competitive advantage, and the program was supported strongly by HP leadership and recognized with major awards. However, as Phoenix and senior leaders prepared to leave the company, the program faced challenges: rising competitor initiatives, shifting political attitudes toward ESG and internal leadership transitions. The central question became whether HP could sustain and evolve Amplify Impact’s momentum and values in this uncertain environment.
Reference IMD-2695
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Hewlett-Packard
Industry Information Technology
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
Reviewing strategy-execution capabilities

A “radar chart” is proposed to visualize where the company needs to improve. It can also be used to support the discussion of any group of executives on the reasons for failure of most strategic initiatives; they may do that by assessing their own company against the six proposed required capabilities and by comparing notes with each other. The …

General Management
By Xavier Gilbert
Case reference: IMD-3-2428, © 2025
Reviewing strategy-execution capabilities
By Xavier Gilbert
Case reference: IMD-3-2428 ©2025
Summary
A “radar chart” is proposed to visualize where the company needs to improve. It can also be used to support the discussion of any group of executives on the reasons for failure of most strategic initiatives; they may do that by assessing their own company against the six proposed required capabilities and by comparing notes with each other. The six required capabilities are: 1) Companies need to have a clear and well-communicated strategy, with clear and well-communicated strategic priorities, to which strategic initiatives contribute in a clear and well-communicated way. 2) Companies need to have a cadre of executives at different levels selected for their entrepreneurial and action-learning capabilities. 3) Companies need to understand and encourage action-learning and know how to plan execution accordingly. 4) Companies need to have an inclusive approach to execution. 5) Companies need to be serious about follow-through and see it as an essential part of action-learning. 6) Companies need to realize that, in the end, lack of respect for people, is a sure cause for execution failure. These capabilities are described at length in the book Smarter Execution, published by IMD (also available from Amazon UK). Learning objectives: This note is very effective to support a group discussion on the execution capabilities of a company. It can be used by a senior management team before they decide to launch strategic initiatives; it can be used as part of a kick-off workshop when launching a strategic initiative; or it can be used along the way during execution to identify and correct execution frustrations.
Reference IMD-3-2428
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications